Inside Intel’s Chip Factory, I Saw the Future, and It’s Plain Old Glass


Computer processors are some of the most complicated devices humans ever created. Engineers pluck just the right combinations of atoms out of the periodic table to make materials that can steer cascades of electrons through finely etched circuits at ultrahigh speeds.But the next breakthrough to make our laptops more efficient and AI more powerful could come from plain old glass. I’ve just seen the makings of it first-hand.Intel will detail the glass technology at its Innovation event Tuesday in San Jose, California. I was one of just two journalists who got the first look at how this technology works, donning a stuffy head-to-toe “bunny suit” to enter Intel’s ultraclean CH8 factory in Chandler, Arizona. There, in a hulking white high-tech building in the Phoenix area’s scorching desert landscape, Intel transforms sheets of glass the size of a small tabletop into paperclip-sized rectangular sandwiches of circuitry built with some of the same techniques as the processor itself.Intel has begun a years-long transition to new technology that rests processors on a bed of glass instead of today’s epoxy-like organic resin. The new glass foundation, called a substrate, offers the speed, power and real estate necessary for the chip industry’s shift to new technology packaging multiple “chiplets” into a single larger processor.In short, that means a new way to sustain Moore’s Law, which charts progress in cramming more circuitry elements called transistors into a processor. The A17 Pro processor in Apple’s iPhone 15 Pro has 19 billion transistors. Intel’s Ponte Vecchio supercomputing processor has more than 100 billion. By the end of t …

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